If you’re new to photography, there can be many concepts that still seem overwhelming and confusing. In this video, Aaron Nace of Phlearn explains the basics of aperture to help you grasp the concept and see what the change of aperture does for your shots. But the fun part is: he uses Star Wars Lego (and even Master Yoda’s voice occasionally) to guide you through the theory. I think that it hardly gets more amusing than that.
What is aperture?
To start off, aperture is one of three components that control the amount of light that comes into your camera, ISO and shutter speed being the other two. The mechanism that controls the opening of the aperture is called the iris and it determines how much light will enter the camera through your lens. A larger opening lets more light in, and a smaller opening lets less light in, which makes sense, right? But there’s another thing many newbies find confusing: the f-number.
F-number
When setting the aperture, a smaller f-number means a larger opening and more light, and the other way around. I remember I found this illogical when I was just starting out. But, think of it as fractions: f/2.0 is actually 1/2; f/4.0 is 1/4 and so on.
F-stop
A “stop” or an “f-stop” refers to double the amount of light or half the amount of light coming into your camera. For example, going from f/4 down to f/2.8 is doubling the amount of light entering your camera.
Depth of field
Using a large aperture like f/1.4 results in a shallow depth of field. This means that less is going to be in focus in your image. If you need more of the scene in focus, you’ll use a smaller aperture, and if you want to keep the subject in focus and have a blurry background, you’ll use a larger aperture.
Maximum aperture
All lenses have what is known as a maximum aperture. It’s the highest amount of light the lens can let into your camera. If you use a larger aperture, then the ISO and shutter speed don’t have to work so hard to let the light into the camera. This means you can shoot with a faster shutter speed and lower ISO.
Aperture priority mode
Most cameras allow you to shoot in Aperture Priority mode. This lets you control the f-number and the camera will allow the shutter speed accordingly to determine proper exposure. If you open the aperture and set it to a smaller value, the shutter speed will be faster and you’ll avoid motion blur if shooting fast-moving subjects or if you’re shooting handheld.
Sharpness
Aperture also affects the sharpness of your lens. Most lenses will be the sharpest around f/11, and opening the lens all the way to its maximum aperture may make your subject soft.
Conclusion
Okay, to recap: shooting with larger apertures will let more light in your camera which will allow you to use faster shutter speeds and it will create a shallow depth of field. Shooting with smaller apertures will reduce the amount of light coming into your camera, but your images will be sharper and have a larger depth of field.
[Understanding Aperture with Star Wars Legos! |Phlearn]
